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XXXV. Gettext (GNU)
Les fonctions gettext impl�mentent l'API NLS (Native Language Support)
qui peut servir � internationaliser vos scripts PHP. Lisez la
documentation GNU pour plus d'explications sur ces fonctions.
- Table des mati�res
- bind_textdomain_codeset --
Specify the character encoding in which the messages from the
DOMAIN message catalog will be returned
- bindtextdomain -- Fixe le chemin d'un domaine.
- dcgettext -- Remplace le domaine lors d'une recherche.
- dcngettext -- Plural version of dcgettext
- dgettext -- Remplace le domaine courant.
- dngettext -- Plural version of dgettext
- gettext -- Recherche un message dans le domaine courant.
- ngettext -- Plural version of gettext
- textdomain -- Fixe le domaine par d�faut.
User Contributed Notes
Gettext (GNU) |
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[email protected]
09-Jul-2000 01:01 |
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For all the confused folks: gettext is GNU's project, it's main purpose is
to allow easy internationalization of programs (that is, translation of
messages to other languages). Check
for
details about the library itself. Also, read gettext description in this
manual to see what it has to do with PHP.
Basicly, instead of
printing your messages in the usual way in PHP code, you can use gettext
calls to substitute messages in other languages on the fly
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11-Jul-2001 11:40 |
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It is probably obvious to many of you, but I thought it was worth
mentioning that the domain is the name of the .mo files that contain the
string catalogue (without the extension).
so if you have a
catalogue myPage.mo for each page in './locale/lg/LC_MESSAGE' and some
generic catalogues (e.g. errorMsg.mo) in '/global/locale/lg/LC_MESSAGE',
you can do
bindTextDomain("$myPage",
'./locale');
bindTextDomain('errorMsg','/global/locale'
);
textDomain('myPage');
print(getText('Welcome'));
/.../
if($err)printf(dGetText('errorMsg','you
have an error here'));
Ivan
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12-Jul-2001 10:59 |
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To get xgettext working with my php code I had to change simple quotes to
double quites in my previous example
:
print(getText("Welcome"));
/.../
if($err)printf(dGetText("errorMsg","you have an error
here"));
I guess that's because strings can not be
simple-quoted in C. However I think it is good practice to do as if it was
a simple quote, because you do not want to interpolate a string that will
end in the catalogue.
Ivan
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[email protected]
14-Sep-2001 09:52 |
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Gettext is great, but there are a few caveats you have to consider in order
to make it work. Unfortunately the gettext docs isn't so plain and
clear...
The .mo file created with the gettext utilities must
be:
[bindtextdomain's
dir]/[language]/LC_MESSAGES/[domain].mo
otherwise gettext()
function will fail to find it (this is true in win32, don't know about
Un*ces). By the way you don't get any error message, the strings will
simply remain untranslated.
Second, you must make sure which is
the current directory if you use a relative path in bindtextdomain. On
some systems the script directory isn't the current directory, so you have
to chdir() there.
Then, of course, make sure that the appropriate
gettext extension are loaded by PHP by looking at the php configuration
file.
Here is some sample code:
// Change to the script
directory
$path =
dirname(getenv(PATH_TRANSLATED));
chdir($path);
// Set the
language as 'it'
$language =
'it';
putenv("LANG=$language");
setlocale(LC_ALL,
$language);
// Set the text domain as 'mydomain'
$domain =
'mydomain';
bindtextdomain("$domain", "./locale");
textdomain("$domain");
// The .mo file searched
is:
// ./locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/mydomain.mo
echo
gettext("Hello world!");
Have fun!
Michele
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[email protected]
15-Nov-2001 11:40 |
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I had alot of problems to get gettext() to work on my windows2000-php
webserver. The following will give those windows-php users something to
hold on to:
Note the way you have to use slashes for the
bindtextdomain command:
For a 'greetings'
domain:
bindtextdomain ("greetings",
".\includes\translations");
(so, TWO slashes instead
of one between the folder-names!)
ALSO, I had to change the
filename to be 'greetings.mo': This was NOT clear from all the gnu-pages I
read. I had named those files: nl.mo (for dutch) and fr.mo (for french
etcetera).
I provide my code and folder-structure here for other
windows-users:
<?
// Bind a domain to directory
//
Gettext uses domains to know what directories to
// search for
translations to messages passed to gettext
bindtextdomain
("greetings", ".includestranslations"); // Set the
current domain that gettext will use
textdomain ('greetings'); # Make
an array
# Use the ISO two-letter codes as keys
# Use the language
names as values
$iso_codes = array (
'en'=>'English',
'fr'=>'French',
'it'=>'Italian',
'pt'=>'Portuguese',
'es'=>'Spanish',
'nl'=>'Nederlands'
); foreach ($iso_codes as $iso_code =>
$language) {
# Set the LANGUAGE environment variable to the
desired language
putenv ('LANGUAGE='.$iso_code); # Print out the
language name and greeting
# Filter the greeting through
gettext
printf ("<b>%12s:</b> %sn", $language,
gettext("str_hello")) &
"n";
}
?>
In the windows-webfolder I
have the following
directory-structure:
==
includes\translations
includes\translationsen
includes\translations\en\LC_MESSAGES
includes\translations\en\LC_MESSAGES\greetings.po
includes\translations\nl\
includes\translations\nl\LC_MESSAGES
includes\translations\nl\LC_MESSAGES\greetings.mo
\includes\translations\nl\LC_MESSAGES\greetings.po
===
To
get this working you will need a greetings.po file like
this:
(this one is in the 'nl' subdir for dutch
language):
===
msgid ""
msgstr
""
"Project-Id-Version:
n"
"POT-Creation-Date: n"
"PO-Revision-Date:
2001-11-14 17:11+0100n"
"Last-Translator: Melle Koning
<[email protected]>n"
"Language-Team:
<>n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0n"
"Content-Type:
text/plain; charset=utf-8n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding:
8bitn"
msgid "str_hello"
msgstr
"hallo"
===
and you have to 'compile' this .po file
to a .mo file with the following command-line (go to windows 'command
prompt'):
==
msgfmt -o greetings.mo
greetings.po
==
To get msgfmt working on your windows
machine, you will need to have libiconv.dll, libintl.dll and msgfmt.exe in
your path. What I did was put these three files in a new c:utils folder
and than run the command:
path=%path%;c:utils
I hope this
helps some windows-users like me to get gettext() to work on their
systems.......
Cheers,
Melle
[email protected]
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[email protected]
05-Jun-2002 01:47 |
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If you're as clueless as I am, please note the following:
1. Although
most comments list setlocal() in the code, that's not actually required
for translations - read the docs under "string functions" for
details (also, the official gettext() examples don't include it);
2.
hace_x's example is really cool, except you need to know that all
"n"'s at the end of his strings should have a backslash before -
they're actually EOL characters, but they somehow got messed up and I
needed two hours to find that out...
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[email protected]
25-Jun-2002 12:49 |
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�f you install from SuSE Dist. you need glibc-locale.rpm to let gettext
work.
mfg ralph.
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ywliu atsign hotmail com
09-Jul-2002 03:39 |
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Hello,
For users with Red Hat GNU/Linux (at least 6.2) to use
gettext, I'd like to make some notes here :
1. Calling setlocale()
is necessary, where calling putenv('LANG=xx_YY') or putenv('LC_ALL=xx_YY')
is not.
2. The country/language code should be in the
"language_country" form,such as, "en_US" or
"fr_FR", or any entry in /usr/share/locale/locale.aliase . The
simple ISO two-letter code, such as "en" , is not valid. You can
examine the return value of setlocale to see if the locale setting
succeeds.
This took me several hours to debug. I hope my experience
can save you some time.
This may apply to other Linux distributions
or *BSD systems. I don't know. I hope this helps.
Yen-Wei Liu
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unregister_tick_function